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Leishmaniasis and Chagas disease cause great impact on social and economic aspects of people living in developing countries. The treatments for these diseases are based on the same regimen for over 40 years, thus, there is an urgent need for the development of new drugs. In this scenario, Asteraceae plants (a family widely used in folk medicine worldwide) are emerging as an interesting source for new trypanocidal and leishmanicidal compounds. Herein, we provide a non-exhaustive review about the activity of plant-derived products from Asteraceae with inhibitory action toward  Leishmania  spp. and  T. cruzi . Special attention was given to those studies aiming the isolation (or identification) of the bioactive compounds. Ferulic acid, rosmarinic acid, and ursolic acid ( Baccharis uncinella  DC.) were efficient to treat experimental leishmaniasis; while deoxymikanolide ( Mikania micrantha ) and (+)-15-hydroxy-labd-7-en-17-al ( Aristeguietia glutinosa  Lam.) showed  in vivo  anti- T. cruzi  action. It is also important to highlight that several plant-derived products (compounds, essential oils) from  Artemisia  plants have shown high inhibitory potential against  Leishmania  spp., such as artemisinin and its derivatives. In summary, these compounds may help the development of new effective agents against these neglected diseases.

Asteraceae Plants as Sources of Compounds Against Leishmaniasis and Chagas Disease