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2′- O -galloylhyperin, a major compound of  Pyrola incarnata  Fisch., possesses a variety of biological and pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanisms of 2 ′-O -GH in microbial infection and sepsis are not clear. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of 2 ′-O -GH. We found that 2 ′-O -GH significantly reduced the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and nitric oxide (NO), suppressed the expression levels of iNOS, blocked the translocation of NF-κB from the cytosol to nucleus, and decreased the MAPK activation in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. 2 ′-O -GH also enhanced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and up-regulated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and SIRT1. In addition, the administration of 2 ′-O -GH attenuated the TNF-α and IL-6 production in the serum, infiltration of inflammatory cells, liver tissue damage, and the mortality rate of LPS-challenged mice. Moreover, 2 ′-O -GH significantly upregulated Nrf2 and SIRT1 expression and inhibited the inflammatory responses in the liver of septic mice. The collective data indicate that 2 ′-O -GH could potentially be a novel functional food candidate in the treatment of sepsis.

frontiers in pharmacology

2′-O-Galloylhyperin Isolated From Pyrola incarnata Fisch. Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response by Activation of SIRT1/Nrf2 and Inhibition of the NF-κB Pathways in Vitro and Vivo