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The role of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) activity in the regulation of endothelial function is not clear. Here, we analyze the role of ENaC in the regulation of endothelium-dependent vasodilation and endothelial permeability  in vivo  in mice with conditional αENaC subunit gene inactivation in the endothelium (endo-αENaC KO  mice) using unique MRI-based analysis of acetylcholine-, flow-mediated dilation and vascular permeability. Mice were challenged or not with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, from  Salmonella typhosa , 10 mg/kg, i.p.). In addition, changes in vascular permeability in  ex vivo  organs were analyzed by Evans Blue assay, while changes in vascular permeability in perfused mesenteric artery were determined by a FITC-dextran-based assay. In basal conditions, Ach-induced response was completely lost, flow-induced vasodilation was inhibited approximately by half but endothelial permeability was not changed in endo-αENaC KO  vs. control mice. In LPS-treated mice, both Ach- and flow-induced vasodilation was more severely impaired in endo-αENaC KO  vs. control mice. There was also a dramatic increase in permeability in lungs, brain and isolated vessels as evidenced by  in vivo  and  ex vivo  analysis in endotoxemic endo-αENaC KO  vs. control mice. The impaired endothelial function in endotoxemia in endo-αENaC KO  was associated with a decrease of lectin and CD31 endothelial staining in the lung as compared with control mice. In conclusion, the activity of endothelial ENaC  in vivo  contributes to endothelial-dependent vasodilation in the physiological conditions and the preservation of endothelial barrier integrity in endotoxemia.

frontiers in pharmacology

The Deletion of Endothelial Sodium Channel α (αENaC) Impairs Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation and Endothelial Barrier Integrity in Endotoxemia in Vivo