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Background:  In China, the vaccination of children with epilepsy (EP) and cerebral palsy (CP) has no specific protocol. Parents are often concerned that vaccination of their children may cause complications due to negative recommendations from vaccinators, resulting in a decline in vaccination. It is therefore is essential to investigate the vaccination status of these specific populations, and the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of vaccinators.   Methods:  This study contains two parts. For the vaccination status survey, residency- and age-matched children whose medical expenditure were covered by the New Rural Cooperative Medical System in Hunan Province were enrolled. Children who were diagnosed with EP or CP were included as the case group, while children without any chronic disease were enrolled as the control group. The vaccination rates of the two groups were compared. For the KAP survey, vaccinators who registered in Hunan CDC were recruited as respondents, and questions were asked related to their experience and attitudes toward vaccinating children with EP or CP.   Results:  The vaccination rates of the case group were significantly lower than the control group ( P  < 0.001), with the exception of BCG and Hep B 1 . Nine measles and two mumps cases were diagnosed in the case group, while there were no Vaccine Preventable Disease (VPD) cases in the control group. The vaccinators' knowledge of the issues related to the vaccination of children with EP or CP was weaker than their knowledge of general vaccination issues. Furthermore, when making a vaccination decision, seizure-free periods and EEG status were their main concerns.   Conclusion:  The vaccination status of rural children with EP and CP is in jeopardy in Hunan, China, and there are several misunderstandings regarding the contraindications of vaccines among vaccinators. We suggest that measures are taken to improve this situation.

Vaccination Status of Children With Epilepsy or Cerebral Palsy in Hunan Rural Area and a Relative KAP Survey of Vaccinators