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Certain strains of  Cronobacter sakazakii  can cause serious invasive infections in children, mainly those <2 months old and fed with powdered infant formula (PIF). The infectious dose of  C. sakazakii  is unknown but evidence suggests that it is approximately 1000 colony forming units (CFU). PIF is currently considered safe if its end-product  C. sakazakii  level is <1 CFU/g. In this study, we determined the lag time, generation time (GT), and growth rate of five pooled  C. sakazakii  isolates to evaluate the factors affecting contamination levels in reconstituted PIF.    Methods  1.71 log CFU/ml of  C. sakazakii  were inoculated into 100 and 3000 ml of reconstituted PIF and incubated at 22 and 35°C. Growth was evaluated over a 24-h period. ComBase was used for modeling.    Results  In 3000 ml, the growth rate was 0.45 ± 0.02 log CFU/h with a lag phase of 3 ± 0.05 h and GT of 0.67 h at 22°C, while the growth rate was 0.73 ± 0.01 log CFU/h with a lag phase of 0.45 ± 0.03 h and GT of 0.41 h at 35° C.    Conclusion   Cronobacter sakazakii  grows rapidly in reconstituted PIF, especially at 35° C.

Investigation on the Factors Affecting Cronobacter sakazakii Contamination Levels in Reconstituted Powdered Infant Formula