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Background  Whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) against primary debulking surgery (PDS) has a differential effect on prognosis due to Breast Cancer Susceptibility Genes (BRCA)1/2 mutations has not been confirmed by current studies.    Methods  All patients included in this retrospective study were admitted to Qilu Hospital of Shandong University between January 2009 and June 2020, and germline BRCA1/2 mutation were tested. Patients in stage IIIB, IIIC, and IV, re-staged by International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2014, were selected for analysis. All patients with NAC received 1-5 cycles of platinum-containing (carboplatin, cisplatin, or nedaplatin) chemotherapy. Patients who received maintenance therapy after chemotherapy were not eligible for this study. All relevant medical records were collected.    Results  A total of 322 patients were enrolled, including 112 patients with BRCA1/2 mutations (BRCAmut), and 210 patients with BRCA1/2 wild-type (BRCAwt). In the two groups, 40 BRCAmut patients (35.7%) and 69 BRCAwt patients (32.9%) received NAC. The progression-free survival (PFS) of BRCAmut patients was significantly reduced after NAC (median: 14.9 vs. 18.5 months; p=0.023); however, there was no difference in overall survival (OS) (median: 75.1 vs. 72.8 months; p=0.798). Whether BRCAwt patients received NAC had no significant effect on PFS (median: 13.5 vs. 16.0 months; p=0.780) or OS (median: 54.0 vs. 56.4 months; p=0.323). Multivariate analyses in BRCAmut patients showed that the predictors of prolonged PFS were PDS (p=0.001), the absence of residual lesions (p=0.012), and FIGO III stage (p=0.020); Besides, PARP inhibitor was the independent predictor for prolonged OS in BRCAmut patients (p=0.000), for BRCAwt patients, the absence of residual lesions (p=0.041) and history of PARP inhibitors (p=0.000) were beneficial factors for OS prolongation.    Conclusions  For ovarian cancer patients with FIGO IIIB, IIIC, and IV, NAC-IDS did not adversely affect survival outcomes due to different BRCA1/2 germline mutational status.

Effects of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer Patients With Different Germline BRCA1/2 Mutational Status: A Retrospective Cohort Study