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The rapid development of medical imaging has boosted the abilities of modern medicine. As single modality imaging limits complex cancer diagnostics, dual-modal imaging has come into the spotlight in clinical settings. The rare earth element Holmium (Ho) has intrinsic paramagnetism and great X-ray attenuation due to its high atomic number. These features endow Ho with good potential to be a nanoprobe in combined x-ray computed tomography (CT) and T 2 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Herein, we present a facile strategy for preparing HoF 3  nanoparticles (HoF 3  NPs) with modification by PEG 4000. The functional PEG-HoF 3  NPs have good water solubility, low cytotoxicity, and biocompatibility as a dual-modal contrast agent. Currently, there is limited systematic and intensive investigation of Ho-based nanomaterials for dual-modal imaging. Our PEG-HoF 3  NPs provide a new direction to realize  in vitro  and  vivo  CT/MRI imaging, as well as validation of Ho-based nanomaterials will verify their potential for biomedical applications.

Facile Synthesis of Holmium-Based Nanoparticles as a CT and MRI Dual-Modal Imaging for Cancer Diagnosis