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Background  Numerous studies showed that insulin resistance (IR) was associated with cancer risk. However, few studies investigated the relationship between IR and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study is to explore the association of triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, a simple surrogate marker of IR, with NSCLC risk.    Methods  791 histologically confirmed NSCLC cases and 787 controls were enrolled in the present study. Fasting blood glucose and triglyceride were measured. The TyG index was calculated as ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dl) ×fasting glucose (mg/dl)/2]. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the relationship between NSCLC risk and the TyG index.    Results  The TyG index was significantly higher in patients with NSCLC than that in controls (8.42 ± 0.55  vs  8.00 ± 0.45,  P  < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that the TyG index ( OR  = 3.651, 95% CI  2.461–5.417,  P  < 0.001) was independently associated with NSCLC risk after adjusting for conventional risk factors. In addition, a continuous rise in the incidence of NSCLC was observed along the tertiles of the TyG index (29.4  vs  53.8  vs  67.2%,  P  < 0.001). However, there were no differences of the TyG index in different pathological or TNM stages. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the optimal cut-off level for the TyG index to predict incident NSCLC was 8.18, and the area under the ROC curve (AUROC) was 0.713(95%  CI  0.688–0.738).    Conclusions  The TyG index is significantly correlated with NSCLC risk, and it may be suitable as a predictor for NSCLC.

Association Between Triglyceride Glucose Index and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Risk in Chinese Population