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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common malignancy in China and known prognostic factors are limited. In this study, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) were evaluated as prognostic factors in locally advanced NPC patients.    Materials and Methods  NPC patients who received curative radiation or chemoradiation between January 2012 and December 2015 at the Second Xiangya Hospital were retrospectively reviewed, and a total of 516 patients were shortlisted. After propensity score matching (PSM), 417 patients were eventually enrolled. Laboratory and clinical data were collected from the patients’ records. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off value. Survival curves were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify prognostic variables.    Results  After PSM, all basic characteristics between patients in the high SIRI group and low SIRI group were balanced except for sex ( p =0.001) and clinical stage ( p =0.036). Univariate analysis showed that NLR ( p =0.001), PLR ( p =0.008), SII ( p =0.001), and SIRI  (p <0.001) were prognostic factors for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). However, further multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that only SIRI was an independent predictor of PFS and OS (hazard ratio (HR):2.83; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.561-5.131;  p =0.001, HR: 5.19; 95% CI: 2.588-10.406;  p <0.001), respectively.    Conclusion  Our findings indicate that SIRI might be a promising predictive indicator of locally advanced NPC patients.

Systemic Inflammation Response Index Is a Predictor of Poor Survival in Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Propensity Score Matching Study