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Background:  Impaired intestinal integrity and barrier function is associated with various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease and metabolic syndrome. In recent years, plant-derived polyphenols have attracted much attention on regulating intestinal barrier function. Kiwifruit was recorded as a traditional Chinese medicine which can treat gastrointestinal diseases, but the mechanism was still unclear. In this study we investigated the effects of kiwifruit polyphenol extracts (KPE) on high fat diet induced intestinal permeability and its possible mechanism.   Results:  Dietary supplementation of KPE with 50 or 100 mg/kg bw could inhibit the increase of intestinal permeability caused by HFD and promote the expression of tight junction protein (Claudin-1, Occludin and ZO-1). From microbial diversity and RT-PCR, KPE administration reshaping gut microbiome, the relative abundance of  Lactobacillus  and  Bifidobacterium  were increased, and the relative abundance of  Clostridium  and  Desulfovibrionaceae  were decreased. The changes in microbe may influence intestinal inflammatory status. Then the expression of TLRs and cytokines were detected. KPE supplementation showed anti-inflammatory effect, the expression of IL-10 was increased and the expression of TLR-2, TLR-4, TNF-α and IL-1β were decreased. Correlation analysis indicated that the expression of tight junction protein was negative correlation with TLR-2, TLR-4, TNF-α and IL-1β expression, but positively correlated with  Bacteroidete, Bifidobacterium  and IL-10 expression; the expression of  Bacteroidete, Lactobacillusand  and  Bifidobacterium  were negative correlation with TLR4, TNF-α, and IL-1β expression.   Conclusion:  KPE treatment relieve the intestinal damage caused by HFD, which was related to the regulation of  Bacteroidete, Lactobacillusand , and  Bifidobacterium  expression and inhibit intestinal inflammation. KPE could be a functional component for preventing gut damage and its related disease.

frontiers in nutrition

Supplementation of Kiwifruit Polyphenol Extract Attenuates High Fat Diet Induced Intestinal Barrier Damage and Inflammation via Reshaping Gut Microbiome