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Purpose:  To explore molecular alterations and their correlation with the survival of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) with corpus callosum (CC) involvement (ccGBM).   Methods:  Electronic medical records were reviewed for glioma patients tested for molecular alterations and treated at our hospital between January 2016 and July 2020. ccGBM was compared to GBM without CC involvement (non-ccGBM) to identify differences in molecular alterations. Clinical outcomes and survival were compared between ccGBM and non-ccGBM patients, as well as among patients with ccGBM with different molecular alteration statuses. ccGBM was also compared to diffuse midline glioma (DMG) to clarify their correlation in molecular alterations, the progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).   Results:  Thirty ccGBM and 88 non-ccGBM patients were included.  PDGFRA  amplification ( PDGFRAamp , 33.3 vs. 9.1%,  P  = 0.004) and missense mutation ( PDGFRAmut , 20.0 vs. 3.4%,  P  = 0.011) both had higher incidences in ccGBM than in non-ccGBM.  PDGFRA  alteration was associated with the occurrence of ccGBM (OR = 4.91 [95% CI: 1.55–15.52],  P  = 0.007). ccGBM with  PDGFRAamp  resulted in a shorter median PFS (8.6 vs. 13.5 months,  P  = 0.025) and OS (12.4 vs. 17.9 months,  P  = 0.022) than non-ccGBM with  PDGFRAnon-amp . ccGBM with  PDGFRAamp  combined with  PDGFRAmut  ( PDGFRAamp-mut ) had a shorter median PFS (7.6 vs. 8.9 months,  P  = 0.022) and OS (9.6 vs. 17.8 months,  P  = 0.006) than non-ccGBM with wild-type  PDGFRA  and no amplification ( PDGFRA-w, non-amp ). Compared to ccGBM with  PDGFRA-w, non-amp , ccGBM with  PDGFRAamp  and  PDGFRAamp-mut  both had a shorter median PFS and OS ( P  < 0.05). The hazard ratios (HRs) of  PDGFRAamp  for PFS and OS in ccGBM were 3.08 (95% CI: 1.02–9.35,  P  = 0.047) and 5.07 (1.52–16.89,  P  = 0.008), respectively, and the HRs of  PDGFRAamp-mut  for PFS and OS were 13.16 (95% CI: 3.19–54.40,  P  < 0.001) and 16.36 (2.66–100.70,  P  = 0.003). ccGBM may have similar incidences of  PDGFRAamp  or  mut  ( PDGFRAamp/mut ) as DMG, and they also had similar median PFS (10.9 vs. 9.0 months,  P  = 0.558) and OS (16.8 vs. 11.5 months,  P  = 0.510).   Conclusion:  PDGFRA  alterations are significantly associated with the occurrence and poor prognosis of ccGBM. ccGBM with  PDGFRAamp/mut  may be classified as a single subtype of GBM that has a similar survival rate to DMG. PDGFR inhibitors may be a promising treatment method for ccGBM.

Molecular Alterations and Their Correlation With the Survival of Glioblastoma Patients With Corpus Callosum Involvement