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Epilepsy, a common disorder of the brain, exhibits a high morbidity rate in children. Childhood epilepsy (CE) is frequently comorbid with neurologic and developmental disorders, sharing underlying genetic factors. This study aimed to investigate the impact of  ADORA2A ,  BDNF , and  NTRK2  gene polymorphisms on the risk of childhood epilepsy and their associations with predisposition to epileptic comorbidities. A total of 444 children were enrolled in this study, and three single nucleotide polymorphisms, including  ADORA2A  rs2298383,  BDNF  rs6265, and  NTRK2  rs1778929, were genotyped. The frequency distribution of genotypes was compared not only between CE patients and healthy children but also between CE patients with and without comorbidities. The results indicated that the carriers of  ADORA2A  rs2298383 TT genotype tended to have a lower risk of epilepsy (OR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.30–0.76), while the CT genotype was related to a higher risk (OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.06–2.27). The  ADORA2A  rs2298383 CC genotype predisposed CE patients to comorbid neurologic disorders (OR = 2.76, 95% CI = 1.31–5.80). Genetic variations in  BDNF  rs6265 and  NTRK2  rs1778929 had no significant association with CE and its comorbidities. Fourteen ADORA2A target genes related to epilepsy were identified by the protein–protein interaction analysis, which were mainly involved in the biological processes of “negative regulation of neuron death” and “purine nucleoside biosynthetic process” through the gene functional enrichment analysis. Our study revealed that the genetic polymorphism of  ADORA2A  rs2298383 was associated with CE risk and predisposition to neurologic comorbidity in children with epilepsy, and the involved mechanism might be related to the regulation of neuron death and purine nucleoside biosynthesis.

Genetic Polymorphism of ADORA2A Is Associated With the Risk of Epilepsy and Predisposition to Neurologic Comorbidity in Chinese Southern Children