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Objective  To evaluate amyloid-β deposition with  18 F-florbetaben (FBB) PET imaging against  11 C-PIB PET in cognitive normal controls (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients.    Methods  We recruited 45 subjects (15 in each group of NC, MCI, and mild/moderate AD) who had undergone dynamic  18 F-FBB amyloid PET imaging. For comparison study, 17 participants, including six NC, five MCI, and six AD patients, also underwent  11 C-PIB PET imaging on separate days. Standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR) were calculated using the cerebellar cortex as the reference region with regions of interest (ROI) manually defined on co-registered CT. Quantitative analysis of mean cortical uptake was calculated using global SUVR. Spearman correlation analysis between MMSE scores and SUVR of 18F-FBB and 11C-PIB images were calculated.    Results  One (7%) of the 15 NC participants, nine (60%) of 15 MCI patients, and 12 (80%) of 15 AD patients had amyloid-positive lesions on  18 F-FBB PET images. In AD patients, global SUVR was significantly higher than those of MCI patients (1.73 ± 0.62 vs. 1.55 ± 0.11,  P  < 0.001) and NC subjects (1.73 ± 0.62 vs. 1.13 ± 0.43,  P  < 0.001). In the comparison study, one NC participant, five MCI patients, and five AD patients had amyloid-positive lesions on  11 C-PIB PET images. There was a significant linear correlation ( r  2  = 0.81,  P  < 0.001) between  18 F-FBB and PIB global SUVR values. MMSE scores had negative correlations with SUVR on  11 C-PIB PET ( r  1  = –0.650,  P  = 0.005) or SUVR on  18 F-FBB PET ( r  2  = –0.754,  P  < 0.0001).    Conclusion  Our study suggests that  18 F-FBB is a useful tracer for the evaluation of amyloid-β deposition in vivo and that global SUVR of  18 F-FBB PET might be a reliable tool in the diagnosis of AD.

18F-Florbetaben Amyloid PET Imaging: A Chinese Study in Cognitive Normal Controls, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer’s Disease Patients