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This study aims to examine the neural correlates of cognitive shifting during the  Dimensional Change Card Sort Task (DCCS)  task with functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Altogether 49 children completed the  DCCS  tasks, and 25 children (M age  = 68.66, SD = 5.3) passing all items were classified into the Switch group. Twenty children (M  age   = 62.05, SD = 8.13) committing more than one perseverative errors were grouped into the Perseverate group. The Switch group had Brodmann Area (BA) 9 and 10 activated in the pre-switch period and BA 6, 9, 10, 40, and 44 in the post-switch period. In contrast, the Perseverate group had BA 9 and 10 activated in the pre-switch period and BA 8, 9, 10 in the post-switch period. The general linear model results afford strong support to the “V-shape curve” hypothesis by identifying a significant decrease–increase cycle in BA 9 and 44, the neural correlations of cognitive shifting.

A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Examination of the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Shifting in Dimensional Change Card Sort Task