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MnPO neurons play a critical role in hydromineral homeostasis regulation by acting as sensors of extracellular sodium concentration ([Na + ] out ). The mechanism underlying Na + -sensing involves Na + -flow through the Na X  channel, directly regulated by the Na + /K + -ATPase α1-isoform which controls Na + -influx by modulating channel permeability. Together, these two partners form a complex involved in the regulation of intracellular sodium ([Na + ] in ). Here we aim to determine whether environmental changes in Na +  could actively modulate the Na X /Na + /K + -ATPase complex activity. We investigated the complex activity using patch-clamp recordings from rat MnPO neurons and Neuro2a cells. When the rats were fed with a high-salt-diet, or the [Na + ] in the culture medium was increased, the activity of the complex was up-regulated. In contrast, drop in environmental [Na + ] decreased the activity of the complex. Interestingly under hypernatremic condition, the colocalization rate and protein level of both partners were up-regulated. Under hyponatremic condition, only Na X  protein expression was increased and the level of Na X /Na + /K + -ATPase remained unaltered. This unbalance between Na X  and Na + /K + -ATPase pump proportion would induce a bigger portion of Na + /K + -ATPase-control-free Na X  channel. Thus, we suggest that hypernatremic environment increases Na X /Na + /K + -ATPase α1-isoform activity by increasing the number of both partners and their colocalization rate, whereas hyponatremic environment down-regulates complex activity via a decrease in the relative number of Na X  channels controlled by the pump.

Extracellular Na+ levels regulate formation and activity of the NaX/alpha1-Na+/K+-ATPase complex in neuronal cells