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Background:  The impact of exercise on cognition in older adults with hypertension and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is unclear.   Objectives:  We determined the influence of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) combined with mind-motor training on cognition and systolic blood pressure (BP) in older adults with hypertension and SCD.   Methods:  We randomized 128 community-dwelling older adults [age mean (SD): 71.1 (6.7), 47.7% females] with history of hypertension and SCD to either HIIT or a moderate-intensity continuous training (MCT) group. Both groups received 15 min of mind-motor training followed by 45 min of either HIIT or MCT. Participants exercised in total 60 min/day, 3 days/week for 6 months. We assessed changes in global cognitive functioning (GCF), Trail-Making Test (TMT), systolic and diastolic BP, and cardiorespiratory fitness.   Results:  Participants in both groups improved diastolic BP [ F  (1, 87.32)  = 4.392,  p  = 0.039], with greatest effect within the HIIT group [estimated mean change (95% CI): −2.64 mmHg, (−4.79 to −0.48),  p  = 0.017], but no between-group differences were noted ( p  = 0.17). Both groups also improved cardiorespiratory fitness [ F  (1, 69)  = 34.795,  p  < 0.001], and TMT A [ F  (1, 81.51)  = 26.871,  p  < 0.001] and B [ F  (1, 79.49)  = 23.107,  p  < 0.001]. There were, however, no within- or between-group differences in GCF and systolic BP at follow-up.   Conclusion:  Despite improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise of high- or moderate-intensity, combined with mind-motor training, did not improve GCF or systolic BP in individuals with hypertension and SCD.   Clinical Trial Registration:   ClinicalTrials.gov  (NCT03545958).

frontiers in aging neuroscience

The Benefits of High-Intensity Interval Training on Cognition and Blood Pressure in Older Adults With Hypertension and Subjective Cognitive Decline: Results From the Heart &amp; Mind Study