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Early blight is an economically important disease of potato worldwide. Understanding which fungal pathogens are the causal agents of early blight and their distribution on the same host is essential to finding the best strategy for the control of this disease. Previous studies have shown that  Alternaria solani  is the main early blight pathogen parasitizing potato. Here, we analyzed genetic and phenotypic diversity in isolates of  Alternaria  spp. covering all potato production areas in Serbia. We showed that the four species of  Alternaria  were found in areas with different distributions of the species. The occurrence of  Alternaria  spp. was studied by analyzing isolates from symptomatic potato leaves during multiyear sampling. In addition to  Alternaria solani,  we detected three more large-spored species identified as  A. linariae  (syn.  A. tomatophila ),  A. protenta,  and  A. grandis  that were involved in early blight disease on naturally infected potato leaves in Serbia. Differentiation of species was supported by phylogeny obtained from the DNA sequences of the  GAPDH ,  calmodulin  and  Rpb2  genes. Our findings present a new perspective into the population structure of large-spored  Alternaria  species associated with early blight disease. Within the groups of large-spored  Alternaria  present in Serbia, evidence of  A. protenta  at high frequency reveals new insight into the contribution of  Alternaria  species in early blight disease. This work opens new perspectives for early blight management, while the distribution of different species on the same host suggests that the etiology of disease could depend on crop organization and the presence of other  Alternaria  hosts in close proximity to potato plants.

New Insight in the Occurrence of Early Blight Disease on Potato Reveals High Distribution of Alternaria solani and Alternaria protenta in Serbia