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The  a ccessory  g ene  r egulator ( agr ) quorum-sensing system is an important global regulatory system of  Staphylococcus aureus  and contributes to its pathogenicity. The  S. aureus agr  system is divided into four  agr  groups based on the amino acid polymorphisms of AgrB, AgrD, and AgrC. The  agr  activation is group-specific, resulting in variations in  agr  activity and pathogenicity among the four  agr  groups. Strains with divergent  agr  system always have different phenotypes. In the present report, we, respectively, exchanged the  agr  system of a certain  S. aureus  with other three  agr  alleles and assessed the corresponding phenotypes of these congenic strains. Replacement of the  agr  system led to significant variations in hemolytic activity, protein expression, and virulence gene expression comparing with that of the parental strain. Interestingly, we found that the biological characteristics of these  agr  congenic strains in the same strain background were highly similar to each other, and the allele-dependent differences of the  agr  systems were weakened. These findings indicate that the allele-dependent  agr  predilections of  S. aureus  are determined by some factors in addition to the polymorphisms of AgrB, AgrD, and AgrC. Future studies may reveal the novel mechanism to improve our understanding of the  agr  network.

Accessory Gene Regulator (agr) Allelic Variants in Cognate Staphylococcus aureus Strain Display Similar Phenotypes