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Eight rhizospheric bacteria were isolated from the organic paddy fields of Sikkim, India, and identified as  Pseudomonas kribbensis  KSB,  Burkholderia cenocepacia  SRD,  Kosakonia oryzendophytica  YMA7,  Pseudomonas rhodesiae  SRB,  Bacillus  sp. ARA,  Paenibacillus polymyxa  COW3,  Bacillus aryabhattai  PSB2, and  Bacillus megaterium  PSB1. They showed plant growth-promoting attributes in rice and have bio-control potential against phytopathogen  Colletotrichum gloeosporioides  of large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum ).  Burkholderia cenocepacia  SRD showed production of indole acetic acid and ammonia and solubilization of phosphate and potassium and also possessed nitrogen fixation potential. It showed antagonistic activity against two other plant pathogens of large cardamom, viz.,  Curvularia eragrostidis  and  Pestalotiopsis  sp., under  in vitro  conditions. The liquid bacterial consortium was prepared using the bacterial strains SRB, PSB1, and COW3 (Consortia-1); PSB2, SRD, and COW3 (Consortia-2); and COW3, KSB, and YMA7 (Consortia-3) to increase the growth and yield of rice plants under organic farming conditions. Greenhouse and field studies showed that the Consortia-3 had the highest plant growth-promoting activity. Consortia-3 demonstrated better agronomic performance in terms of root length (9.5 cm),number of leaflets per plant (5.3), grains per panicle (110.6), test grain weight (27.4 g), dry root weight per plant (0.73 g), and total dry biomass per plant (8.26 g).

frontiers in microbiology

Isolation, Characterization, and Evaluation of Native Rhizobacterial Consortia Developed From the Rhizosphere of Rice Grown in Organic State Sikkim, India, and Their Effect on Plant Growth