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The microbiota of the pretreatment phase is crucial to the assembly of the microbial community in the saccharification of  fuyu -flavor  baijiu . This study investigates the shifts in microbial community diversity from the pretreatment of raw materials to the end of saccharification. High-throughput sequencing reveals that  Lactobacillus ,  Weissella , and  Bacillus  in the bacterial community and  Rhizopus ,  Candida ,  Pichia , and  Aspergillus  in the fungal community are predominant during raw material pretreatment and saccharification processes. Also, 11 bacterial genera, including  Bacillus ,  Lactobacillus ,  Leuconostoc ,  Weissella ,  Lactococcus , and  Acetobacter , and eight yeast genera, including  Candida ,  Pichia ,  Saccharomyces , and  Wickerhamomyces , were isolated from the initial saccharification stage by culture-dependent approaches. Sourcetracker analysis indicates that the cooling grains and rice husks were the main contributors to the bacterial community composition of the saccharification process, and  Qu  was the main contributor to the shaping of the fungal community structure during the saccharification process. Abundance variation of the predictive functional profiles of microbial communities encoding for key enzymes involved in pyruvate metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis during the pretreatment and saccharification phases were inferred by PICRUSt2 analysis. The results of this study will be utilized to produce consistently high-quality  fuyu -flavor  baijiu  via better controlling the shaping of microbial community structures during the pretreatment and fermentation processes.

Deciphering the Shifts in Microbial Community Diversity From Material Pretreatment to Saccharification Process of Fuyu-Flavor Baijiu