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Background:  Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is a frequent community-acquired infection and the most common nosocomial infection. Here, we developed a novel antimicrobial catheter concept that utilizes a silicone-based interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) as balloon material to facilitate a topical slow-release prophylaxis of antibacterial agents across the balloon to the urinary bladder.   Methods:  The balloon material was achieved by modifying low shore hardness silicone tubes with a hydrogel interpenetrating polymer in supercritical CO 2  using the sequential method. Release properties and antibacterial efficacy of the IPN balloon treatment concept was investigated  in vitro  and in a porcine CAUTI model developed for the study. In the latter, Bactiguard Infection Protection (BIP) Foley catheters were also assessed to enable benchmark with the traditional antimicrobial coating principle.   Results:  Uropathogenic  Escherichia coli  was undetectable in urinary bladders and on retrieved catheters in the IPN treatment group as compared to control that revealed significant bacteriuria (>10 5  colony forming units/ml) as well as catheter-associated biofilm. The BIP catheters failed to prevent  E. coli  colonization of the bladder but significantly reduced catheter biofilm formation compared to the control.   Conclusion:  The IPN-catheter concept provides a novel, promising delivery route for local treatment in the urinary tract.

A Novel Device-Integrated Drug Delivery System for Local Inhibition of Urinary Tract Infection