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During a survey of  Nothofagus  trees and their parasitic fungi in Andean Patagonia (Argentina), genetically distinct strains of  Hanseniaspora  were obtained from the sugar-containing stromata of parasitic  Cyttaria  spp. Phylogenetic analyses based on the single-gene sequences (encoding rRNA and actin) or on conserved, single-copy, orthologous genes from genome sequence assemblies revealed that these strains represent a new species closely related to  Hanseniaspora valbyensis.  Additionally, delimitation of this novel species was supported by genetic distance calculations using overall genome relatedness indices (OGRI) between the novel taxon and its closest relatives. To better understand the mode of speciation in  Hanseniaspora , we examined genes that were retained or lost in the novel species in comparison to its closest relatives. These analyses show that, during diversification, this novel species and its closest relatives,  H. valbyensis  and  Hanseniaspora jakobsenii , lost mitochondrial and other genes involved in the generation of precursor metabolites and energy, which could explain their slower growth and higher ethanol yields under aerobic conditions. Similarly,  Hanseniaspora mollemarum  lost the ability to sporulate, along with genes that are involved in meiosis and mating. Based on these findings, a formal description of the novel yeast species  Hanseniaspora smithiae  sp. nov. is proposed, with CRUB 1602  H   as the holotype.

frontiers in microbiology

Hanseniaspora smithiae sp. nov., a Novel Apiculate Yeast Species From Patagonian Forests That Lacks the Typical Genomic Domestication Signatures for Fermentative Environments