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The taxonomy of coccoid cyanobacteria, such as  Chroococcidiopsis ,  Pleurocapsa ,  Chroococcus ,  Gloeothece ,  Gloeocapsa ,  Gloeocapsopsis , and the related recent genera  Sinocapsa  and  Aliterella , can easily be intermixed when solely compared on a morphological basis. There is still little support on the taxonomic position of some of the addressed genera, as genetic information is available only for a fraction of species that have been described solely on morphology. Modern polyphasic approaches that combine classic morphological investigations with DNA-based molecular analyses and the evaluation of ecological properties can disentangle these easily confusable unicellular genera. By using such an approach, we present here the formal description of two novel unicellular cyanobacterial species that inhabit the Coastal Range of the Atacama Desert,  Gloeocapsopsis dulcis  (first reported as  Gloeocapsopsis  AAB1) and  Gloeocapsopsis diffluens . Both species could be clearly separated from previously reported species by 16S rRNA and 16S–23S ITS gene sequencing, the resulting secondary structures, p-distance analyses of the 16S–23S ITS, and morphology. For avoiding further confusions emendation of the genus  Gloeocapsopsis  as well as epitypification of the type species  Gloeocapsopsis crepidinum  based on the strain LEGE06123 were conducted.

frontiers in microbiology

Emendation of the Coccoid Cyanobacterial Genus Gloeocapsopsis and Description of the New Species Gloeocapsopsis diffluens sp. nov. and Gloeocapsopsis dulcis sp. nov. Isolated From the Coastal Range of the Atacama Desert (Chile)