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The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify the dominant microorganism in  Flammulina velutipes  fruiting bodies (FVFB) and to develop kinetic models for describing its growth. The native microflora community on FVFB was isolated and identified using morphological examination and high-throughput sequencing analysis. FVFB presented complex microbial communities with dominant microorganisms being  Lactococcus lactis.  Irradiated FVFB were inoculated with the isolated strain of  L. lactis  and cultivated at various temperatures (4, 10, 16, 20, 25, 32, and 37°C). Three primary models, namely the Huang, Baranyi and Roberts, and reparameterized Gompertz models, and three secondary models, namely the Huang square-root, Ratkowsky square-root, and Arrhenius-type models, were developed and evaluated. With the lowest values of mean square error (MSE, 0.023–0.161) and root mean square error (RMSE, 0.152–0.401) values, the reparameterized Gompertz model was more suitable to describe the growth of  L. lactis  on FVFB than both Huang and Baranyi and Roberts models. The Ratkowsky square-root model provided more accurate estimation for the effect of temperature on the specific growth rate of  L. lactis . The minimum growth temperature predicted by the Ratkowsky square-root model was −7.1°C. The kinetic models developed in this study could be used to evaluate the growth behavior of  L. lactis  on FVFB and estimate the shelf-life of FVFB.

frontiers in microbiology

Isolation and Molecular Identification of the Native Microflora on Flammulina velutipes Fruiting Bodies and Modeling the Growth of Dominant Microbiota (Lactococcus lactis)