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The physical barrier is composed of epithelial cells which are joined together through intercellular connections. It serves to prevent pathogenic microorganisms from departing the intestinal lumen to invade the host. The excretory secretory (ES) products of  Trichinella spiralis  are critical for invasion. However, whether ES products of  T. spiralis  can act on the intestinal barrier is still unknown. In this study, the role of ES products of  T. spiralis  muscle larvae ( Ts -ML-ES) in host invasion was studied by establishing an  in vitro  cell monolayers model. Barrier integrity analysis by a transmembrane resistance test and a paracellular permeability assay revealed that the  Ts -ML-ES was able to destroy barrier function. It occurred  via  a reduction in the expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins, which was induced by serine protease. Furthermore, Western bolt analysis indicated that  Ts -ML-ES reduced the expression of TJ proteins  via  the MAPK signaling pathway. Based on these data, we conclude that serine protease are likely the main factors from  Ts -ML-ES that affect host intestinal barrier integrity by reducing the expression of TJs  via  the P38-MAPK signaling pathway. Serine protease in  Ts -ML-ES might be a key invasion factor in  T. spiralis .

Disruption of Epithelial Barrier of Caco-2 Cell Monolayers by Excretory Secretory Products of Trichinella spiralis Might Be Related to Serine Protease