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A novel genus  Parametarhizium  with two new entomopathogenic species,  Parametarhizium changbaiense  and  Parametarhizium hingganense , was introduced based on their morphological characteristics and a multigene phylogenetic analysis, which were isolated from the forest litters collected in Northeast China. To infer their phylogenetic relationships, a six-gene dataset consisting of DNA fragments of [nuclear small subunit rDNA (SSU) + LSU + TUB + TEF + RPB1 + RPB2] was used for phylogenetic analysis, including 105 related fungi. The new genus  Parametarhizium  formed a monophyletic clade basal to  Metarhizium  and its related genera (formerly  Metarhizium sensu lato ).  Parametarhizium  can be morphologically distinguished from related genera by the combination of the following characteristics: formation of white to yellow colonies on different media, candelabrum-like arrangement of cylindrical or obpyriform phialides, and small subglobose to ellipsoidal conidia. Both  P. hingganense  and  P. changbaiense  exhibited anti-insect activities against three farmland pests  Monolepta hieroglyphica ,  Callosobruchus chinensis , and  Rhopalosiphum maidis . This is the first report of entomopathogenic fungi exhibiting the anti-insect activity against  Mo. hieroglyphica .

Parametarhizium (Clavicipitaceae) gen. nov. With Two New Species as a Potential Biocontrol Agent Isolated From Forest Litters in Northeast China