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Antimicrobial resistance has become a major public health threat. Food-related  Staphylococcus  species have received much attention due to their multidrug resistance. The  cfr  gene associated with multidrug resistance has been consistently detected in food-derived  Staphylococcus  species. In this retrospective study, we examined the prevalence of  cfr -positive  Staphylococcus  strains isolated from poultry meat in different geographical areas of China from 2011 to 2016. Two  cfr -positive  Staphylococcus delphini  strains were identified from poultry meat in China. Comparative and whole-genome analyses were performed to characterize the genetic features and overall antimicrobial resistance genes in the two  S. delphini  isolates 245-1 and 2794-1. Whole-genome sequencing showed that they both harbored a novel 20,258-bp  cfr -carrying Tn 558  transposon derivative on their chromosomes. The Tn 558  derivative harbors multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, including the transferable multiresistance gene  cfr , chloramphenicol resistance gene  fexA , aminoglycoside resistance genes  aacA-aphD  and  aadD , and bleomycin resistance gene  ble . Surprisingly, within the Tn 558  derivative, an active unconventional circularizable structure containing various resistance genes and a copy of a direct repeat sequence was identified by two-step PCR. Furthermore, core genome phylogenetic analysis revealed that the  cfr -positive  S. delphini  strains were most closely related to  S. delphini  14S03313-1 isolated from Japan in 2017 and 14S03319-1 isolated from Switzerland in 2017. This study is the first report of  S. delphini  harboring a novel  cfr -carrying Tn558 derivative isolated from retail food. This finding raises further concerns regarding the potential threat to food safety and public health safety. The occurrence and dissemination of similar  cfr -carrying transposons from diverse  Staphylococcus  species need further surveillance.

Presence and Characterization of a Novel cfr-Carrying Tn558 Transposon Derivative in Staphylococcus delphini Isolated From Retail Food