English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Objectives  To predict the novel vaccine peptide candidates against gacS protein involved with the citrate utilization in the two-component system of  A. baumannii -associated virulence as an alternative strategy to combat the multi-drug resistant strains using an immuno-informatic approach.    Methods  The study is designed as an observational  in silico  study design with the application of BepiPred, AlgPred, VaxiJen, AntigenPro, SolPro, Expasy ProtParam server, IEDB database, and MHC cluster analytical tools and servers to predict the immuno-dominant B-cell and T-cell epitopes from gacS FASTA sequences retrieved from UNIPROT database. Further peptide interactions with TLR-4 was assessed based on the number of hydrogen bonds.    Results  Nine peptides (20aa) with the highest score of 1 were selected from the 137 epitopes, and five were predicted as antigenic epitopes (E1–E5). E3 was selected as the potent antigen (score: 0.939537) and E1 as the best vaccine candidate (score: 0.9803) under AntigenPro and Vaxijen server, respectively. SolPro predicted all epitopes as soluble peptides. ProtParam predictions showed E3 and E5 as stable proteins with a shelf life of 3.5 and 1.9 h and possessed negative GRAVY values. PsortB server predicted a final localization score of 7.88 for the gacS protein sequence as a cytoplasmic membrane protein. IEDB conservancy analysis showed 100% conserved sequences within the gacS sequence, and class I conservancy yielded positive values for all epitopes. Cluster analysis showed strong interactions, and the protein-peptide interactions with TLR-2 finally detected E5 as the best interacting peptide (H bonds = 14) followed by E3 (H bonds = 12).    Conclusion  The study suggests five antigenic peptides as promiscuous vaccine candidates to target the gacS of  A. baumannii  using immuno-informatic approach toward the peptide synthesis and  in vitro  analysis. However, the study recommends further experimental validation for immunological response and memory through  in vivo  studies.

frontiers in microbiology

Delineating the Immuno-Dominant Antigenic Vaccine Peptides Against gacS-Sensor Kinase in Acinetobacter baumannii: An in silico Investigational Approach