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The necrotrophic mycoparasite  Trichoderma atroviride  is a biological pest control agent frequently applied in agriculture for the protection of plants against fungal phytopathogens. One of the main secondary metabolites produced by this fungus is 6-pentyl-α-pyrone (6-PP). 6-PP is an organic compound with antifungal and plant growth-promoting activities, whose biosynthesis was previously proposed to involve a lipoxygenase (Lox). In this study, we investigated the role of the single lipoxygenase-encoding gene  lox1  encoded in the  T. atroviride  genome by targeted gene deletion. We found that light inhibits 6-PP biosynthesis but  lox1  is dispensable for 6-PP production as well as for the ability of  T. atroviride  to parasitize and antagonize host fungi. However, we found Lox1 to be involved in  T. atroviride  conidiation in darkness, in injury-response, in the production of several metabolites, including oxylipins and volatile organic compounds, as well as in the induction of systemic resistance against the plant-pathogenic fungus  Botrytis cinerea  in  Arabidopsis thaliana  plants. Our findings give novel insights into the roles of a fungal Ile-group lipoxygenase and expand the understanding of a light-dependent role of these enzymes.

frontiers in microbiology

The Lipoxygenase Lox1 Is Involved in Light‐ and Injury-Response, Conidiation, and Volatile Organic Compound Biosynthesis in the Mycoparasitic Fungus Trichoderma atroviride