English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant  Salmonella  through mutations led to mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency that represents a potential hazard to public health. Here, four representative MMR-deficient  Salmonella  hypermutator strains and  Salmonella  Typhimurium LT2 were used to comprehensively reveal the influence of MMR deficiency on antibiotic resistance among  Salmonella . Our results indicated that the mutation frequency ranged from 3.39 × 10 –4  to 5.46 × 10 –2  in the hypermutator. Mutation sites in MutS, MutL, MutT, and UvrD of the four hypermutators were all located in the essential and core functional regions. Mutation frequency of the hypermutator was most highly correlated with the extent of mutation in MutS. Mutations in MMR genes ( mut S,  mut T,  mut L, and  uvr D) were correlated with increased mutation in antibiotic resistance genes, and the extent of antibiotic resistance was significantly correlated with the number of mutation sites in MutL and in ParC. The number of mutation sites in MMR genes and antibiotic resistance genes exhibited a significant positive correlation with the number of antibiotics resisted and with expression levels of  mut S,  mut T, and  mut L. Compared to  Salmonella  Typhimurium LT2, a total of 137 differentially expressed and 110 specifically expressed proteins were identified in the four hypermutators. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that the proteins significantly overexpressed in the hypermutators primarily associated with translation and stress response. Interaction network analysis revealed that the ribosome pathway might be a critical factor for high mutation frequency and multidrug resistance in MMR-deficient  Salmonella  hypermutators. These results help elucidate the mutational dynamics that lead to hypermutation, antibiotic resistance, and activation of stress response pathways in  Salmonella .

frontiers in microbiology

Genes and Proteomes Associated With Increased Mutation Frequency and Multidrug Resistance of Naturally Occurring Mismatch Repair-Deficient Salmonella Hypermutators