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The dissemination of  Klebsiella pneumoniae  carbapenemases (KPCs) among Gram-negative bacteria is an important threat to global health. However, KPC-producing bacteria from environmental samples are rarely reported. This study aimed to elucidate the underlying resistance mechanisms of three carbapenem-resistant  Aeromonas taiwanensis  isolates recovered from river sediment samples. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis indicated a close evolutionary relationship among  A. taiwanensis  isolates. S1-PFGE, Southern blot and conjugation assays confirmed the presence of  bla  KPC–  2  and  qnrS2  genes on a non-conjugative plasmid in these isolates. Plasmid analysis further showed that pKPC-1713 is an IncP-6 plasmid with a length of 53,205 bp, which can be transformed into DH5α strain and mediated carbapenems and quinolones resistance. The plasmid backbone of p1713-KPC demonstrated 99% sequence identity to that of IncP-6-type plasmid pKPC-cd17 from  Aeromonas  spp. and IncP-6-type plasmid: 1 from  Citrobacter freundii  at 74% coverage. A 14,808 bp insertion sequence was observed between  merT  gene and hypothetical protein in p1713-KPC, which include the quinolone resistance  qnrS2  gene. Emergence of plasmid-borned  bla  KPC  and  qnrS2  genes from  A. taiwanensis  isolates highlights their possible dissemination into the environment. Therefore, potential detection of such plasmids from clinical isolates should be closely monitored.

Emergence and Characterization of a Novel IncP-6 Plasmid Harboring blaKPC–2 and qnrS2 Genes in Aeromonas taiwanensis Isolates