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Twelve carbapenem-resistant  Escherichia coli  strains were obtained from goose farms in Jiangsu, China. These isolates were resistant to multiple antimicrobials, and positive for the  bla  NDM–  5 . The carbapenem-resistance of all strains mediated by  bla  NDM–  5  were successfully conjugated to  E. coli  J53. S1-PFGE and WGS results showed  bla  NDM–  5  was located on IncX3 conjugative plasmids with a size of ca. 46 kb. All  bla  NDM–  5 -bearing IncX3 plasmids shared the same genetic context almost identical to pNDM_MGR194- bla  NDM–  5  and pNDM-QD28- bla  NDM–  5  reported in India and China, respectively. The twelve strains belonged to three STs, in which the dominant type of  E. coli  isolated from breeding goose farm carrying  bla  NDM–  5  was ST48. The emergence of  bla  NDM–  5 -bearing strains in goose farms and the clonal transmission of  E. coli  within the breeding goose farm highlighted the potential reservoir of carbapenemase genes in waterfowl farming system, which may further contaminate environments and pose a threat to public health. Comprehensive surveillance of carbapenem-resistant bacteria in goose farms warrants further study to evaluate the underlying risks.

Emergence of IncX3 Plasmid-Harboring blaNDM–5 Dominated by Escherichia coli ST48 in a Goose Farm in Jiangsu, China