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Nemonoxacin, a newly developed non-fluorinated quinolone (NFQ), selectively inhibits bacterial DNA topoisomerase activity. However, its activities against  Mycoplasmas  have rarely been studied to date. Herein, the activities of nemonoxacin were evaluated against clinical isolates of 50  Mycoplasma pneumoniae , 20  Mycoplasma hominis , and 77  Ureaplasma  spp., and they were compared to fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, and macrolides. Nemonoxacin MICs (μg/ml) ranged from 0.03 to 0.25 for  M. pneumoniae , 0.25 to 8 for  M. hominis , and 0.06 to >16 for  Ureaplasma  spp., and all of the ranges are similar to those of fluoroquinolones. The activity of nemonoxacin against  Mycoplasmas  was not affected by resistance to macrolides in the strains tested, but it seems to have the same resistant mechanism as fluoroquinolones. In addition, minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of nemonoxacin to  M. pneumoniae  were within two dilutions of the MIC values, indicating a bactericidal effect on  M. pneumoniae . Nemonoxacin merits further study for treating infections caused by these organisms.

frontiers in microbiology

In vitro Activities of Nemonoxacin and Other Antimicrobial Agents Against Human Mycoplasma and Ureaplasmas Isolates and Their Defined Resistance Mechanisms