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To avoid conflict between biofuel and food resource production, marine macroalgae (main algal polysaccharides) have been suggested as potent feedstock for biofuel production.  Flammeovirga pacifica  WPAGA1, a typical marine polysaccharide-degrading bacterium, can utilize crude agarose as the sole carbon source. Transcriptomic analysis was performed to further investigate the metabolic pathway of environmental-friendly utilization of crude agarose in  F. pacifica  WPAGA1. All these enzymes were overexpressed in  Escherichia coli  BL21(DE3), and the purified enzymes were characterized  in vitro . As a result, the pathway of crude agarose which is desulfurized and hydrolyzed by enzymes to produce fermentable sugar is clear. Interestingly, sole neoagarobiose (~450 mg/L) was produced from crude agarose as a feedstock using engineered  E. coli  BL21(DE3). This study firstly reveals the metabolic pathway of crude agarose in strain WPAGA1 and establishes a novel and environmental-friendly strategy for neoagarobiose production using crude agarose as cost-effective and non-food-based feedstock.

A Novel Strategy for Efficient Agaro-Oligosaccharide Production Based on the Enzymatic Degradation of Crude Agarose in Flammeovirga pacifica WPAGA1