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Glutarate is an important C5 platform chemical produced during the catabolism of L-lysine through 5-aminovalerate (5-AMV) pathway. Here, we first established a whole-cell biocatalysis system for the glutarate production from L-lysine with the engineered  Escherichia coli  ( E. coli ) that co-expressed  DavAB  and  GabDT . However, the accumulation of intermediate 5-AMV was identified as one important factor limiting glutarate production. Meanwhile, the negative interaction of co-expressing  DavAB  and  GabDT  in a single cell was also confirmed. Here, we solved these problems through engineering a microbial consortium composed of two engineered  E. coli  strains, BL21-22AB and BL21-YDT, as the whole-cell biocatalysts, each of which contains a part of the glutarate pathway. After the optimization of bioconversion conditions, including temperature, metal ion additives, pH, and cell ratio, 17.2 g/L glutarate was obtained from 20 g/L L-lysine with a yield of 95.1%, which was improved by 19.2% compared with that in a single cell. Little accumulation of 5-AMV was detected. Even at the high substrate concentration, the reduced 5-AMV accumulation and increased glutarate production were achieved. This synthetic consortium produced 43.8 g/L glutarate via a fed-batch strategy, the highest titer reported to date.

Engineering a Microbial Consortium Based Whole-Cell System for Efficient Production of Glutarate From L-Lysine