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Candidatus  Accumulibacter phosphatis is in general presented as the dominant organism responsible for the biological removal of phosphorus in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. Lab-scale enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) studies, usually use acetate as carbon source. However, the complexity of the carbon sources present in wastewater could allow other potential poly-phosphate accumulating organism (PAOs), such as putative fermentative PAOs (e.g.,  Tetrasphaera ), to proliferate in coexistence or competition with  Ca . Accumulibacter. This research assessed the effects of lactate on microbial selection and process performance of an EBPR lab-scale study. The addition of lactate resulted in the coexistence of  Ca . Accumulibacter and  Tetrasphaera  in a single EBPR reactor. An increase in anaerobic glycogen consumption from 1.17 to 2.96 C-mol/L and anaerobic PHV formation from 0.44 to 0.87 PHV/PHA C-mol/C-mol corresponded to the increase in the influent lactate concentration. The dominant metabolism shifted from a polyphosphate-accumulating metabolism (PAM) to a glycogen accumulating metabolism (GAM) without EBPR activity. However, despite the GAM, traditional glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs;  Candidatus  Competibacter phosphatis and  Defluvicoccus ) were not detected. Instead, the 16s RNA amplicon analysis showed that the genera  Tetrasphaera  was the dominant organism, while a quantification based on FISH-biovolume indicated that  Ca . Accumulibacter remained the dominant organism, indicating certain discrepancies between these microbial analytical methods. Despite the discrepancies between these microbial analytical methods, neither  Ca . Accumulibacter nor  Tetrasphaera  performed biological phosphorus removal by utilizing lactate as carbon source.

Effect of Lactate on the Microbial Community and Process Performance of an EBPR System