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The diversity of indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in fermented broccoli, cherry, ginger, white radish, and white-fleshed pitaya juices was analyzed using culture-independent and -dependent approaches. The major properties of selected probiotic strains, including dynamic variations in pH, viable cell counts, antibiotic resistance, bacterial adhesion to hydrophobic compounds, and survivability during simulated gastrointestinal transit, were investigated using broccoli as the fermentation substrate. In broccoli and ginger juices, the genus  Lactobacillus  occupied the dominant position (abundances of 79.0 and 30.3%, respectively); in cherry and radish juices,  Weissella  occupied the dominant position (abundances of 78.3 and 83.2%, respectively); and in pitaya juice,  Streptococcus  and  Lactococcus  occupied the dominant positions (52.2 and 37.0%, respectively).  Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Weissella cibaria/soli/confusa, Enterococcus gallinarum/durans/hirae, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Bacillus coagulans , and  Lactococcus garvieae/lactis  subspecies were identified by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In general, the selected autochthonous LAB isolates displayed no significant differences in comparison with commercial strains with regard to growth rates or acidification in fermented broccoli juice. Among all the isolates,  L. mesenteroides  B4-25 exhibited the highest antibiotic resistance profile (equal to that of  L. plantarum  CICC20265), and suitable adhesion properties (adhesion of 13.4 ± 5.2% ∼ 36.4 ± 3.2% and 21.6 ± 1.4% ∼ 69.6 ± 2.3% to ethyl acetate and xylene, respectively). Furthermore,  P. pentosaceus  Ca-4 and  L. mesenteroides  B-25 featured the highest survival rates (22.4 ± 2.6 and 21.2 ± 1.4%, respectively), after simulated gastrointestinal transit. These results indicated a high level of diversity among the autochthonous bacterial community in fermented fruit and vegetable juices, and demonstrated the potential of these candidate probiotics for applications in fermentation.

frontiers in microbiology

Characterization of Diversity and Probiotic Efficiency of the Autochthonous Lactic Acid Bacteria in the Fermentation of Selected Raw Fruit and Vegetable Juices