English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

In the search for natural alternatives to antibiotic feed additives, we compared the efficacy of two doses of  Scrophularia striata  extract [ S. striata -Low at 40 and  S. striata -High at 80 mg g -1  dry matter (DM)] with monensin (monensin) and a negative control in the modulation of rumen fermentation, methane production and microbial abundance  in vitro . Microbes were investigated using qPCR and 16S rRNA targeted sequencing. Data showed that the addition of  S. striata  increased production of total short chain fatty acids (SCFA) in comparison to both monensin and control ( P  = 0.04). The addition of  S. striata  increased acetate production, and increased propionate at the higher dosage ( P  < 0.001). Supplementation of  S. striata  lowered methane production ( P  < 0.001) compared to control but with no effect compared to monensin. Ammonia concentration decreased by 52% ( P  < 0.001) with  S. striata -High supplementation (4.14 mmol L -1 ) compared to control, which was greater than that of monensin (36%). The diversity of rumen bacteria was reduced ( P  < 0.001) for monensin and  S. striata  for both the number of observed OTUs and the Chao1 index. Quantitative analysis of Protozoa showed a decrease in the monensin treatment ( P  = 0.05) compared to control. Archaea copy numbers decreased equally in both  S. striata -High and monensin treatments compared to the control group. Supplementation with  S. striata  increased relative abundances of  Fibrobacteres  ( P  < 0.001) and  Planctomycetes  ( P  = 0.001) in comparison to both the control and monensin treatments. Significant negative correlations were observed between the abundances of  Bacteroides, Fusobacterium , and  Succinivibrio  genera and methane ( r  > -0.71;  P  ≤ 0.001). The abundance of  Fibrobacter  genera and total SCFA ( r  = 0.86), acetate ( r  = 0.75), and valerate ( r  = -0.51;  P  < 0.001) correlated positively. These results suggest that  S. striata  supplementation at 80 mg g -1  DM inclusion, similar to monensin, supports rumen fermentation, lowers methane and ammonia production. However,  S. striata  supported rumen fermentation toward higher total SCFA and propionate production, while unlike monensin still supported a diverse rumen microbiome and an increase in cellulolytic bacteria such as  Fibrobacter .

Scrophularia striata Extract Supports Rumen Fermentation and Improves Microbial Diversity in vitro Compared to Monensin