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Human campylobacteriosis is considered one of the most common foodborne diseases worldwide with poultry identified as the main source of infection accounting for 50–80% of human cases. Highly virulent  Campylobacter  spp., positive for the Type VI secretion system (T6SS), which have an increased ability to adhere to and invade the host gastrointestinal epithelium are highly prevalent in poultry. Multidrug resistant strains of bacteria are rapidly evolving and therefore, new antimicrobials to supplement animal feed that are able to control  Campylobacter  species, are in great need. The work presented herein indicates that a novel phenolic antimicrobial, Auranta 3001, is able to reduce the adhesion and invasion of human intestinal epithelial cells (HCT-8) by two T6SS positive chicken isolates,  C. jejuni  RC039 ( p  < 0.05) and  C. coli  RC013 ( p  < 0.001). Exposure of  C. jejuni  RC039 and  C. coli RC013  to Auranta 3001 downregulated the expression of  hcp  and  cetB  genes, known to be important in the functionality of T6SS. Furthermore, the reduced adhesion and invasion is associated with a significant decrease in bacterial motility of both isolates ( p  < 0.05– p  < 0.001)  in vitro . Most importantly our  in vivo  results show that Auranta 3001 is able to reduce cecum colonization levels from log 8 CFU/ml to log 2 CFU/ml for  C. jejuni  RC039 and from log 7 CFU/ml to log 2 CFU/ml for  C. coli  RC013. In conclusion, this novel antimicrobial is able to reduce the pathogenic properties of T6SS campylobacters  in vitro  and also to decrease colonization  in vivo .

frontiers in microbiology

A Novel Natural Antimicrobial Can Reduce the in vitro and in vivo Pathogenicity of T6SS Positive Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Chicken Isolates