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The study investigated the efficacy of two isolates of  Aspergillus terreus  (65P and 9F) on the growth, morphology and pathogenicity of  Pythium aphanidermatum  on cucumber.  In vitro  tests showed that the two isolates inhibited the growth of  P. aphanidermatum  in culture. Investigating  P. aphanidermatum  hyphae close to the inhibition zone showed that the hyphae showed abnormal growth and loss of internal content. Treating  P. aphanidermatum  with the culture filtrate (CF) of  A. terreus  resulted in significant rise in cellular leakage of  P. aphanidermatum  mycelium. Testing glucanase enzyme activity by both  A. terreus  isolates showed a significant increase in glucanase activity. This suggests that the cell walls of  Pythium , which consist of glucan, are affected by the glucanase enzyme produced by  A. terreus . In addition, Aspergillus isolates produced siderephore, which is suggested to be involved in inhibition of  Pythium  growth. Also, the CFs of 65P and 9F isolates significantly reduced spore production by  P. aphanidermatum  compared to the control ( P  < 0.05). In bioassay tests, the two isolates of  A. terreus  increased the survival rate of cucumber seedlings from 10 to 20% in the control seedlings treated with  P. aphanidermatum  to 38–39% when the biocontrol agents were used. No disease symptoms were observed on cucumber seedlings only treated with the isolates 65P and 9F of  A. terreus . In addition, the  A. terreus  isolates did not have any negative effects on the growth of cucumber seedlings. This study shows that isolates of  A. terreus  can help suppress  Pythium -induced damping-off of cucumber, which is suggested to be through the effect of  A. terreus  and its glucanase enzyme on  P. aphanidermatum  mycelium.

frontiers in microbiology

Aspergillus terreus Inhibits Growth and Induces Morphological Abnormalities in Pythium aphanidermatum and Suppresses Pythium-Induced Damping-Off of Cucumber