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Dam, the most described bacterial DNA-methyltransferase, is widespread in gamma-proteobacteria. Dam DNA methylation can play a role in various genes expression and is involved in pathogenicity of several bacterial species. The purpose of this study was to determine the role played by the  dam  ortholog identified in the entomopathogenic bacterium  Photorhabdus luminescens . Complementation assays of an  Escherichia coli dam  mutant showed the restoration of the DNA methylation state of the parental strain. Overexpression of  dam  in  P. luminescens  did not impair growth ability  in vitro . In contrast, compared to a control strain harboring an empty plasmid, a significant decrease in motility was observed in the  dam -overexpressing strain. A transcriptome analysis revealed the differential expression of 208 genes between the two strains. In particular, the downregulation of flagellar genes was observed in the  dam -overexpressing strain. In the closely related bacterium  Xenorhabdus nematophila, dam  overexpression also impaired motility. In addition, the  dam -overexpressing  P. luminescens  strain showed a delayed virulence compared to that of the control strain after injection in larvae of the lepidopteran  Spodoptera littoralis . These results reveal that Dam plays a major role during  P. luminescens  insect infection.

DNA Adenine Methyltransferase (Dam) Overexpression Impairs Photorhabdus luminescens Motility and Virulence