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This study was designed to evaluate the protection mechanism of oral administration of  Clostridium butyricum  against  Salmonella  enteritidis (SE) colonization in broilers. In the current study, 180 one-day-old healthy Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were meanly grouped into three, with three replicates of 20 birds each. An negative control group was fed basal diet without SE challenge and a positive control (PC) group was fed the basal diet and challenged with SE [10 6  colony forming unit (CFU)/0.2 mL]. An experimental (EXP) group was fed the basal diet, orally administered with  C. butyricum  (10 6  CFU/mL) and challenged with SE (10 6  CFU/0.2 mL). The results showed that compared to the PC group, the SE loads in livers, spleens, and cecal contents of chickens in EXP group were significantly reduced ( P  < 0.05) except in spleens at the 2-day post-infection; the production of interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the livers, spleens, and cecal tissues of chickens in EXP group were decreased to different extents. The results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction further revealed that the inflammation of chickens in EXP group was alleviated by  C. butyricum  via down-regulating TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB-dependent pathways. Collectively, these findings indicated that oral administration of  C. butyricum  could be a suitable alternative for preventing SE infection in broilers.

Protection Mechanism of Clostridium butyricum against Salmonella Enteritidis Infection in Broilers