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The effects of elevated atmospheric CO 2  concentration on soil microbial communities have been previously recorded. However, limited information is available regarding the response of methanogenic communities to elevated CO 2  in freshwater marshes. Using high-throughput sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR, we compared the abundance and community structure of methanogens in different compartments (bulk soil, rhizosphere soil, and roots) of  Calamagrostis angustifolia  and  Carex lasiocarpa  growing marshes under ambient (380 ppm) and elevated CO 2  (700 ppm) atmospheres.  C. lasiocarpa  rhizosphere was a hotspot for potential methane production, based on the 10-fold higher abundance of the  mcr A genes per dry weight. The two marshes and their compartments were occupied by different methanogenic communities. In the  C. lasiocarpa  marsh, archaeal family  Methanobacteriaceae , Rice Cluster II, and  Methanosaetaceae  co-dominated in the bulk soil, while  Methanobacteriaceae  was the exclusively dominant methanogen in the rhizosphere soil and roots. Families  Methanosarcinaceae  and  Methanocellaceae  dominated in the bulk soil of  C. angustifolia  marsh. Conversely,  Methanosarcinaceae  and  Methanocellaceae  together with  Methanobacteriaceae  dominated in the rhizosphere soil and roots, respectively, in the  C. angustifolia  marsh. Elevated atmospheric CO 2  increased plant photosynthesis and belowground biomass of  C. lasiocarpa  and  C. angustifolia  marshes. However, it did not significantly change the abundance (based on  mcr A qPCR), diversity, or community structure (based on high-throughput sequencing) of methanogens in any of the compartments, irrespective of plant type. Our findings suggest that the population and species of the dominant methanogens had weak responses to elevated atmospheric CO 2 . However, minor changes in specific methanogenic taxa occurred under elevated atmospheric CO 2 . Despite minor changes, methanogenic communities in different compartments of two contrasting freshwater marshes were rather stable under elevated atmospheric CO 2 .

Methanogenic Community Was Stable in Two Contrasting Freshwater Marshes Exposed to Elevated Atmospheric CO2