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Bacillus  species are widely exploited as biocontrol agents because of their efficiency in impeding various plant pathogens with multifaceted approach. In this study,  Bacillus  species were isolated from rhizosphere of various plants viz., carnations, cotton, turmeric, and bananas in Tamil Nadu state of India. Their potential to control the mycelial growth of  Sclerotinia sclerotiorum  was assessed  in vitro  by dual plate and partition plate techniques.  B. amyloliquefaciens  strain VB7 was much effective in inhibiting mycelial growth (45% inhibition of over control) and sclerotial production (100%). PCR detection of AMP genes revealed that  B. amyloliquefaciens  (VB7) had a maximum of 10 diverse antibiotic biosynthesis genes, namely,  ituD, ipa14, bacA, bacD, bamC, sfP, spaC, spaS, alba , and  albF , that resulted in production of the antibiotics iturin, bacilysin, bacillomycin, surfactin, subtilin, and subtilosin. Further, metabolites from  B. amyloliquefaciens  strains VB2 and VB7, associated with inhibition of  S. sclerotiorum , were identified as phenols and fatty acids by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Delivery of bacterial suspension of the effective strains of  Bacillus  spp. as root dip was found promising for the management of stem rot of cultivated carnations. Minimal percent disease incidence (4.6%) and maximum plant growth promotion was observed in the plants treated with  B. amyloliquefaciens  (VB7).

frontiers in microbiology

Biocontrol Potentials of Antimicrobial Peptide Producing Bacillus Species: Multifaceted Antagonists for the Management of Stem Rot of Carnation Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum