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Staphylococcus aureus , particularly methicillin-resistant  S .aureus (MRSA), is a life-threatening pathogen in humans, and its presence in food is a public health concern. MRSA has been identified in foods in China, but little information is available regarding MRSA in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of  S. aureus  and MRSA in Chinese retail RTE foods. All isolated  S. aureus  were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, and MRSA isolates were further characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and staphylococcal cassette chromosome  mec  (SCC mec ) typing. Of the 550 RTE foods collected from 2011 to 2014, 69 (12.5%) were positive for  S. aureus . Contamination levels were mostly in the range of 0.3–10 most probable number (MPN)/g, with five samples exceeding 10 MPN/g. Of the 69  S. aureus  isolates, seven were identified as MRSA by cefoxitin disc diffusion test. Six isolates were  mecA -positive, while no  mecC -positive isolates were identified. In total, 75.8% (47/62) of the methicillin-susceptible  S. aureus  isolates and all of the MRSA isolates were resistant to three or more antibiotics. Amongst the MRSA isolates, four were identified as community-acquired strains (ST59-MRSA-IVa ( n  = 2), ST338-MRSA-V, ST1-MRSA-V), while one was a livestock-associated strain (ST9, harboring an unreported SCC mec  type 2C2). One novel sequence type was identified (ST3239), the SCC mec  gene of which could not be typed. Overall, our findings showed that Chinese retail RTE foods are likely vehicles for transmission of multidrug-resistant  S. aureus  and MRSA lineages. This is a serious public health risk and highlights the need to implement good hygiene practices.

Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Retail Ready-to-Eat Foods in China