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Beta-lactam antibiotics are an important class of antibiotics for treating bacterial infections. Despite prevalent β-lactam resistance in  Campylobacter jejuni , the leading bacterial cause of human diarrhea in developed countries, molecular mechanism of β-lactam resistance in  C. jejuni  is still largely unknown. In this study,  C. jejuni  81–176 was used for random transposon mutagenesis. Screening of a 2,800-mutant library identified 22 mutants with increased susceptibility to ampicillin. Of these mutants, two mutants contains mutations in  Cj0843c  (a putative lytic transglycosylase gene) and in its upstream gene  Cj0844c , respectively. Complementation experiment demonstrated that the Cj0843 contributes to β-lactam resistance. The  Cj0843c  insertional mutation was subsequently introduced to diverse  C. jejuni  clinical strains for MIC test, showing that Cj0843c contributes to both intrinsic and acquired β-lactam resistance of  C. jejuni . Consistent with this finding, inactivation of Cj0843c also dramatically reduced β-lactamase activity. Genomic examination and PCR analysis showed  Cj0843c  is widely distributed in  C. jejuni . High purity recombinant Cj0843c was produced for generation of specific antiserum. The Cj0843 was localized in the periplasm, as demonstrated by immunoblotting using specific antibodies. Turbidimetric assay further demonstrated the capability of the purified Cj0843c to hydrolyze cell walls. Inactivation of Cj0843c also significantly reduced  C. jejuni  colonization in the intestine. Together, this study identifies a mechanism of β-lactam resistance in  C. jejuni  and provides insights into the role of cell wall metabolism in regulating β-lactamase activity.

Important Role of a Putative Lytic Transglycosylase Cj0843c in β-Lactam Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni