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An increase in the occurrence of potentially pathogenic  Vibrio  species is expected for waters in Northern Europe as a consequence of global warming. In this context, a higher incidence of  Vibrio  infections is predicted for the future and forecasts suggest that people visiting and living at the Baltic Sea are at particular risk. This study aimed to investigate antimicrobial resistance patterns among  Vibrio vulnificus  and  Vibrio cholerae  non-O1/non-O139 isolates that could pose a public health risk. Antimicrobial susceptibility of 141  V. vulnificus  and 184  V. cholerae  non-O1/non-O139 strains isolated from German coastal waters (Baltic Sea and North Sea) as well as from patients and retail seafood was assessed by broth microdilution and disk diffusion. Both species were susceptible to most of the agents tested (12 subclasses) and no multidrug-resistance was observed. Among  V. vulnificus  isolates, non-susceptibility was exclusively found toward aminoglycosides. In case of  V. cholerae , a noticeable proportion of strains was non-susceptible to aminopenicillins and aminoglycosides. In addition, resistance toward carbapenems, quinolones, and folate pathway inhibitors was sporadically observed. Biochemical testing indicated the production of carbapenemases with unusual substrate specificity in four environmental  V. cholerae  strains. Most antimicrobial agents recommended for treatment of  V. vulnificus  and  V. cholerae  non-O1/non-O139 infections were found to be effective  in vitro . However, the occurrence of putative carbapenemase producing  V. cholerae  in German coastal waters is of concern and highlights the need for systematic monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility in potentially pathogenic  Vibrio  spp. in Europe.

frontiers in microbiology

Survey on antimicrobial resistance patterns in Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 in Germany reveals carbapenemase-producing Vibrio cholerae in coastal waters