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Zetaproteobacteria  are among the most prevalent Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) at deep-sea hydrothermal vents; however, knowledge about their environmental significance is limited. We provide metagenomic insights into an iron mat at the Lō´ihi Seamount, Hawai´l, revealing novel genomic information of locally dominant  Zetaproteobacteria  lineages. These lineages were previously estimated to account for ~13% of all local  Zetaproteobacteria  based on 16S clone library data. Biogeochemically relevant genes include nitrite reductases, which were previously not identified in  Zetaproteobacteria , sulfide:quinone oxidases, and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCo). Genes assumed to be involved in Fe(II) oxidation correlate in synteny and share 87% amino acid similarity with those previously identified in the related  Zetaproteobacterium   Mariprofundus ferrooxydans  PV-1. Overall,  Zetaproteobacteria  genes appear to originate primarily from within the  Proteobacteria  and the Fe(II)-oxidizing  Leptospirillum  spp. and are predicted to facilitate adaptation to a deep-sea hydrothermal vent environment in addition to microaerophilic Fe(II) and H 2 S oxidation. This dataset represents the first metagenomic study of FeOB from an iron oxide mat at a deep-sea hydrothermal habitat.

Metagenomic insights into the dominant Fe(II) oxidizing Zetaproteobacteria from an iron mat at Lō´ihi, Hawai´l