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Objective:  To analyze conditional survival (CS) in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and investigate prognostic factors that affect the CS rate to provide more accurate survival information.   Methods:  Patients with advanced EOC between 2004 and 2015 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. CS analysis was performed to depict exact survival for patients who had already survived a specific number of years. Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to ascertain the individual contribution of factors associated with actuarial overall survival (OS) at diagnosis and CS at 1, 3, and 5 years after diagnosis.   Results:  Of 11,773 patients, OS decreased from 32.2% at 6 years to 25.1% at 8 years, while the corresponding 5 year CS (CS5) increased from 37.5% at 1 year to 43.9% at 3 years. Subgroup analysis stratified by clinicopathological characteristics showed that CS5 was always higher than the corresponding actuarial survival (all Δ &amp;gt; 0). Based on multivariate analysis at diagnosis, age, race, marital status, histological type, tumor grade, size, T stage, M stage, surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for OS. Five years after diagnosis, however, only age, histological type, tumor grade, and laterality were persistently significant independent prognostic factors (all  P  &amp;lt;0.05). Furthermore, patients with poor pathological prognostic factors achieved greater improvements in CS5 rates, and the survival gaps between OS and CS were more obvious.   Conclusion:  CS of advanced EOC was dynamic and increased over time. Age, histology, tumor grade, and laterality were significant prognostic factors even 5 years after diagnosis. Thus, the availability of updated prognoses at various time points will allow clinicians to better guide their patients.

Conditional Survival of Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Real-World Data Retrospective Cohort Study From the SEER Database