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Aquatic pathogens such as  Vibrio parahaemolyticus  cause a bacterial infection that reduces the economic benefits of aquaculture and affects the food quality and safety of human beings. Quorum quenching (QQ) is considered a novel strategy of microbial antagonism that inhibits pathogens and reduces the abuse of antibiotics. This study investigates a QQ bacterial strain,  Bacillus velezensis  DH82 from the deep sea Yap trench,  in vitro  to examine the effects of DH82 and its functional products against  V. parahaemolyticus , focusing on the Quorum sensing (QS) regulation and the inhibition of pathogenicity and bacterial growth. The study also conducted  in vivo  investigation in the aquaculture of  Litopenaeus vannamei  challenged with  V. parahaemolyticus  by immersion and injection challenge. The results of the QS regulator transcription level demonstrated the multiple QQ enzymes in DH82 regulated the pathogenicity but could not fully control the biofilm formation; the effective antibacterial activity of extracellular peptides on microbial antagonism verified the inhibition on bacterial growth of  V. parahaemolyticus . The  in vivo  experiment in aquaria demonstrated the effective enrichment of DH82 and inhibition of  Vibrio  in both the aquatic system and the shrimp intestine. The dietary DH82 relieved the negative effect of  Vibrio  on the activity of enzyme acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) under challenge of  Vibrio  pathogens, and was not harmful to host according to lysozyme (LZM) activity. DH82 also ameliorated the damage to the intestine and muscles induced by  V. parahaemolyticus  infection according to tissue imaging. Though DH82 did present some dose-dependent adverse effects to the host, the findings revealed the effective QQ and antibacterial activity of DH82 on emerging biocontrol against  V. parahaemolyticus , therefore indicating the potential application of DH82 as a biological control reagent in the sustainable and green production of aquaculture.

frontiers in marine science

Quorum Quenching Bacteria Bacillus velezensis DH82 on Biological Control of Vibrio parahaemolyticus for Sustainable Aquaculture of Litopenaeus vannamei